《语音学与音系学经典丛书：优选论主题指南》论述了优选论的主要理论框架和分析方法，通过列举音系学、形态学和句法学的实例，帮助读者学会应用该理论来分析各种语言现象。
《语音学与音系学经典丛书：优选论主题指南》还涉及了一语习得、二语习得、语音学、功能音系学、计算语言学、历史语言学和社会语言学等领域，此外每章节后附有大量的阅读文献，供读者进行深入的研究。
语音不仅是语言三个基本要素之一，而且还是第一基本要素。汉语的语音研究由来已久，但长久以来，在我国它却一直作为一种以认读字音、作诗吟曲等为目的的辅助性学问。进入20世纪，西方语音学理论与方法传人我国后，才真正改变了中国传统语音研究的理念与方法。一百多年来，经过我国几代学者们的不懈努力与奋斗，我们逐渐形成了现代汉语的语音学理论与方法，并发表了一系列具有重要历史影响的学术论文与论著。
但与此同时，也不得不承认：我们的语音学研究与英美等西方国家相比还存在较大差距。特别是20世纪初以来，西方语音学研究在诸多方面都发生了根本性变化，尤其体现在以下两大方面：
首先是在学科领域的划分上。因研究目的与方法的不同而形成了两个不同的重要语音研究领域：语音学与音系学。20世纪初，音系学从语音学研究领域中脱离出来，逐渐形成了一门独立的学科。一百多年以来，音系学先后经历了两个大的发展阶段：第一阶段是介绍和发现音位概念、探索语音之间关系为主的结构主义音系学（亦称“音位学”）；第二阶段是以SPE为基础理论框架的生成音系学，特别是在后一阶段中呈现出学派众多、理论新颖、观点各异、精彩纷呈的景象。
其次是在语音研究的工具与手段上。随着计算机信息技术的突飞猛进，语音分析工具不断推陈出新，这为语音学的迅猛发展提供了坚实可靠的研究基础。在众多不同学科背景的学者通力协作下，语音合成、语音识别的自然度与技术水平有了极大的提高，各种实用语音软件得到普及，并很快进入到人们的日常生活之中，正在实现语言学家多年来一直追求的语言研究产业化的目标与理想。
How to Use This Book
Acknowledgments
Prologue
1 The Core of Optimality Theory
1．1 Basic Architecture
1．1．1 Candidate Comparison
1．1．2 Ranked Constraints and EVAL
1．1．3 GEN
1．1．4 Summary， with Possible Variations
1．2 The Theory of Constraints
1．2．1 The Universality of Constraints
1．2．2 Constraint Typology
1．2．3 Constraint Schemata and Fixed Hierarchies
1．3 Constraint Interaction
1．3．1 Faithful and Unfaithful Mappings
1．3．2 Homogeneity of Target/Heterogeneity of Process
1．3．3 Blocking Effects
1．3．4 Summary
1．4 How to Do OT
1．4．1 Ranking Known Constraints
1．4．2 Selecting Informative Candidates
1．4．3 Diagnosing Problems
1．4．4 Positing New Constraints
1．5 For Further Reading
Notes
2 The Context of Optimality Theory
2．1 Developments in Phonological Theory
2．2 Syntactic Theory Contrasted with Phonological Theory
2．3 Rules and Constraints in Phonology and Syntax
2．4 Harmony Theory
2．5 For Further Reading
Notes
3 The Results of Optimality Theory
3．1 Consequences of Markedness/Faithfulness Interaction
3．1．1 The Basics： Ranking Prerequisites for an Unfaithful Mapping
3．1．2 Inventories and Richness of the Base
3．1．2．1 Basic Concepts
3．1．2．2 The Duplication Problem， with Examples
3．1．2．3 Absolute Ill-Formedness
3．1．2．4 The Lexicon and Richness of the Base
3．1．2．5 Syntactic Applications
3．1．2．6 Summary and Methodological Remark
3．1．3 Distributional Restrictions
3．1．3．1 Basic Notions
3．1．3．2 Factorial Typology
3．1．3．3 Identical Distribution
3．1．3．4 Complementary Distribution
3．1．3．5 Contextual Neutralization
3．1．3．6 A Syntactic Example： Only-When-NeededBehavior
3．1．3．7 Summary
3．1．4 Processes and Systems of Processes
3．1．4．1 Basic Notions
3．1．4．2 Homogeneity of Target/Heterogeneity of Process
3．1．4．3 Conspiracies
3．1．4．4 Interim Summary
3．1．4．5 Harmonic Ascent
3．1．4．6 Incomplete Process-Specificity of Blocking
3．1．4．7 No Constraint-Specificity of Repair
3．1．4．8 No Construction-Specificity of Interactions
3．1．4．9 Peroration
3．1．5 Typology and Universals
3．1．5．1 Overview
3．1．5．2 Architectural Imperatives
3．1．5．3 Universals from Factorial Typology
3．1．5．4 Universals from Fixed Hierarchies
3．1．5．5 Summary
3．2 Consequences of Constraint Violability
3．2．1 Nonuniformity of Structure
3．2．1．1 The Basics
3．2．1．2 Exemplification
3．2．1．3 Opposite Constraints
3．2．1．4 Summary and Comparative Remarks
3．2．2 Emergence of the Unmarked
3．2．2．1 The Basics
3．2．2．2 Comparison with Parameters
3．2．2．3 Comparison with Default Rules
3．2．2．4 Summary
3．2．3 Extremism and Economy
3．3 Consequences of Globality and Parallelism
3．3．1 Globality and Parallelism Explained
3．3．2 Exemplification
3．3．2．1 Consequences of Globality
3．3．2．2 Consequences of Parallelism： Overview
3．3．2．3 Consequences of Parallelism I： Chicken-Egg Effects
3．3．2．4 Consequences of Parallelism II： Top-Down Effects
3．3．2．5 Consequences of Parallelism III： Structurally Remote Interaction
3．3．2．6 Consequences of Parallelism IV： Derivationally Remote Interaction
3．3．2．7 Some Challenges to Remote Interaction
3．3．2．8 Consequences of Parallelism V： Globality Effects
3．3．2．9 Summary
3．3．3 Other Architectures for OT
3．3．3．1 The Context and the Issues3．3．3．2 Harmonic Serialism
3．3．3．3 Cyclic Evaluation
3．3．3．4 Modular Architectures
3．3．3．5 Other Approaches to Opacity in OT
3．3．3．6 Final Remarks
3．4 For Further Reading
Notes
4 The Connections of Optimality Theory
4．1 Further Issues in OT Syntax
4．1．1 Some Controversial Questions
4．1．2 Absolute Ill-Forrnedness
4．1．3 Syntactic Optionality
4．2 Learnability and Acquisition
4．2．1 Language Leamability
4．2．2 Language Acquisition
4．3 Formal and Computational Analysis
4．4 Functionalism
4．4．1 Introduction
4．4．2 Formal Constraints and Physical Events
4．4．3 Evaluating Phonological Systems
4．5 Variation and Change
4．6 For Further Reading
Notes
Epilogue
Appendix A： Frequently Asked Questions
Appendix B： Symbols and Abbreviations
References
Index of Names
Index of Constraints
Index of Languages
Index of Topics
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